Secret telegraph system



June 6, 1933;

A. JIPP ET AL SECRET TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 16, 1931 s sheet -sheet 1 r! r s a. a w m, If? a J at 4 3 4 [ma mm m Filed July 16, 1931 :s sums-sheet 2 June 6'; 1933.

A. JIRP ETA; SECRET V'LQELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 16. 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jkreni'ors xl usr p ,fAr/pard 30556:

liar-hard flel' l r Patented June 6,- 1933b UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I AUGUST JIPP, EHRHARD RO$SIBERG, AND EBERHARD HETTIIER, OF BERLIN-SIEMENS S'I'ADT, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO SIEMENS & HALSKE, AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF SIEMENSSTADT NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY SECRET TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Application filed July 16, 1931, Serial No. 551,206, and in Germany July-17, 1930.

vide in the telegraph trafiic an improved sys-' term for the secret transmlssion of messages.

Another object of our invention is to provide special kinds of coding or ciphering.

. A further object of our invention is to pro- I vide a double coding of a special kind by which an unauthorized deciphering of the coded message is rendered dilficult.

A still further object of our invention is to apply the improved secret telegraph system to such apparatus which is equipped with a substantially mechanically operating receiver which cannot be made use of for decoding.

A still further object of our invention is to provide special improved constructions of coding and decoding apparatus.

In telegraph apparatus particularly of the start-stop type, the sign to be telegraphed is translated into a combination of electric impulses which is then electrically transmitted. By operating keys of a keyboard of the trans mitter selector bars are in a mechanical manner adjusted in such a way that they are dis placed in the direction of their length'by a certain amount. These selector bars control the contacts assigned to the individual impulse elements of the sign combination. According to the position of these contacts a circuit is either broken or made by the individualimpulses, or each individual impulse is represented either by a positive or negative rush of current. The contacts adjusted by the combination or selector bars are in succession tapped by a suitable contact mechanism and the combination of impulses dis patched thereby.

It is known in start-stop secret printing telegraphs to change the combination of impulses set at the t1 an'smitter by a code mecha nism before the individual elements of the sign are in known manner successively tapped off the transmitting contacts and to transmit at the receiving side the arriving sign elements across contacts to a decoding mechanism of the receiving apparatus set according to the position of. the transmitter code mechanism. This arrangement has the disadvantage that in consequence of the code remaining the same there is no suflicient safety against unauthorized decoding.

According to our invention a mechanism is provided for coding which changes its adjustment during the transmission of the signs, and by which the current values of the individual impulses of the sign combination are changed before dispatch and/or the sequence of the dispatch of the individual combination elements is interchanged.

The coding mechanism consists of sets of springs by the operation of which the coding is effected and code discs which control the said sets of contact springs.

These code discs may, for instance, be cams of any suitable design which are either rotatable on a common axis or shaft, or they may be connected by means of a ratio gear so as to have different relative speeds. By provid- The drive of these code arrangements may likewise be chosen differently by providing' either a purely mechanical or also an electromechanical driving possibility. A fresh settin of the entire arrangement according to def nite characteristics, for instance by means of a code, in. certain intervals presents the possibility of varying the code still further.

At the receiver the signals transmitted by the transmitter are across the contacts conveyed to a decoding mechanism. operating and. set according to the transmitting code equipment or to the receiving relay of the telegraph apparatus according to the nature of the receiver, whereby. the secret combination is decoded.

A special advantage of our invention resides in the fact that the deoding at the receiver is efi'ected by means of a mechanism which by its suitable construction according to the nature of the telegraph apparatus employed may either be directly incorporated into the apparatus, since parts of the decoding mechanism may also 'be directly employed for thetranslation of the signal combinations into the sign to be printed, or parts of the standard receiver may be made use of for the decoding, which is mainly applicable for electrically operating apparatus. If

this is impossible, as for instance in the case of apparatus operating with mechanical translators, our improved decoding mechanism is simply connected ahead of or in series with the receiver without the necessity arising to make an alteration in it and at the recelver.

Another advantage and novel application of the equipment as represented by our improved decoding mechanism, consists in employing such an equipment also for the purpose of letting a transmitter cooperate with a receiver which is not adapted to thesame telegraph alphabet. The further details, advantages and characteristics of our invention will be more fully described with reference to the drawings aflixed hereto and forming part of our specification.

It will be readily understood that'the embodiment illustrated is only one of many examples of carrying out our invention, and that our invention extends to all changes and modifications of the general arrangement and the details which will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a transmitting apparatus known per se combined with a coding mechanism according to our invention. Of the transmitter only the details cooperating with the coding mechanism are shown,

Fig. 2 represents the apparatus at the receiving end, and more particularly a decoding mechanism connected ahead of or in series with the receiver of known design, Figs. 3 and 4 represent in principle the changes of the contact sets of a special interchanging arrangement.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings T is the keyboard of a standard start-stop printing telegraph apparatus as described in the Text Book of Telegraphy by A. E. Stone published by Mac Millan and Co. Ltd. (London 1928) on pages 288 to 293. Below the keyboard are located the selector bars 1 to 5, which on depressing a key lever, for instance the key lever Te shown, are shifted towards one side or the other in accordance with the combination of signals in question. In contrast with the above mentioned telegraph apparatus the signal key mechanism of which operates on a mechanical principle, these selector bars actuate or shift the contacts or switches is, to in engagement with them directly, whereupon on rotation of the simultaneously started tapping cam shaft these contact positions are electrically tapped. The teeth out into the selector bars are only shown by way of illustration. In

addition to these 5 selector bars there is provided a bar 6 arranged in a similar manner which on depressing a key lever is shifted in one direction only and in doing this closes the contact ak. Across this contact a starting circuit for the starting relay AR is completed which across its contact an energizes the magnet AM of the start-stop coupling AK so that the start-stop shaft SW with the tapping discs F to F. for tapping the adjusted combination of signals performs one revolution. The start-stop coupling AK couples the shaft SW with the continuously revolving shaft MW which through a worm gear is connected with the driving motor of the telegraph apparatus.

The contacts 70 to I0 operated by the selector bars are designed as shift contacts and are by means of the upper and lower contact springs connected with further contacts 1, to 5, designed as double shift contacts which are adapted to be operated by a special cam arrangement. This cam arrangement is in Fig. 1 designated by the reference character CT and serves to bring about the interchange of the impulse values of a combination set by the selector bar arrange ment T. Of the cams N N and so on controlling these contacts we have, for the sake of clearness, only'shown those for the shift contacts 1. and 2 which'correspond with the first and second sign elements of a combination of letters. These cam discs N N and so on are dissimilar and provided with different numbers of cam faces which, furthermore, are irregularly distributed over the periphery of the discs. They are stepped forward by different angles of rotation in correspondence with the pitch of their'cam faces or teeth in relation to one another so that a very long interchange period may be attained. These different angles of rotation are obtained by different transmission ratios of thedriving wheels R R and R R and so on. The drive of this cam disc arrangement and the resetting of the various discs takes place according to the start-stop principle in dependence on the dispatch of the individual signs, by the stepping magnet FM of the start-stop coupling FK being energized after each dispatch of a combination of signs or signals, so that the driving shaft A is coupled with the continuously rotating motor shaft MW and the shaft AW of the cam disc arrangement is advanced'through a corresponding angle by the ratio gear R and R. i

The contacts I to 5. controlled by the cam discs N N and soon. are with the tips of their contacts connected to a common double battery BA so that the potential of the contacts 76 -70 to be adjusted by the selector bars is changed according to the setting of the t-contacts and a variation of the current values of the set signal combination is attained.

The contacts 10 to 10 are with their central springs connected to the operating means of the interchanging or jumbling mechanism CW by lines l to Z... By this contact arrangement the individual conduc tors of the impulse elements are interchanged with one another so that a variation in the sequence of the various elements of a combination is obtained. For the interchange of two conductors with each other there is provided a set of contacts consisting of two shift contacts, whereby one conductor takes the place of the other and vice versa on reversing the contacts. The number of these sets of. contacts follows from the interchange possibilities of the 5 conductors of a five impulse combination.

In .Figs. 3 and 4 there are diagrammatically shown examples for the number and for the arrangement of the sets of contacts of such an interchange arrangement. Only the set of contacts 1w corresponding with the terchange of the same and thus corresponds.

set of contacts 1w of Fig. 1 is shown in de: tall, the further sets of contacts needed for the interchange of the other conductors being only indicated by squares, for the sake of lucidity of the drawings. The normal po-. sition of a set of contacts, i. e. the position in which the continuous conductors are not interchanged, is in Fig. 3 shown by the parallel course of the lines indicating the connection. The crossing of two conductors indicated in broken lines characterizes the inwith the positionof a set of contacts in the thrown-over state. By this arrangement shown in Fig. 3 all the interchange possi-" bilities of a five conductor system can be covered, only ten contact sets of the-type shown at 1w being required. They are designated as 1w to 10w. In Fig. 4 there is illustrated'a further principle for obtaining all the interchange or permutation possibilities with only ten sets of contacts. The normal position of a set of contacts is indicated by the crossing lines and the interchanging position by the broken lines representing the parallel course of the connecting conductors. This representation of the principle also shows that a certain conductor; for instance the conductor 1 in Fig. 3 can only be interchanged with conductors immediately adjacent to it in the impulse sequence, for in- I stance with the conductors 2-and 5 by the contact sets 1w and 6w.

In the principle illustrated in Fig. 4, on the other hand, any one conductor is connected with all further conductors of the combination by a single contact operation at a time. By a simultaneous and selective operation of a plurality of such sets of contacts the'most diversified exchange possibilities may be brought about.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings only 2 sets of contacts are illustrated for the sake of simplicity and clearness which are connected according to the interchange principle of the Fig. 3 described above and which are identical with the sets of contacts 1w and 6w of the same figure. Across the sets of contacts 1w are thus taken the'connecting conductors Z and Z which can be interchanged one with the other b throwing-over this contact towards the eft. In the position shown the contact 4 is closed across which is taken the conductor Z in exactly the same manner there is' closed the contact 2 for the conductor Z on interchanging these two conductors the contact 4 is opened for the conductor L, for instance, so that now this conductor takes the place of the conductor 2- across the closed contact 1 and vice versa the conductor Z takes the place of the conductor 1 across the closed contact 3. The set of contacts 6w is shown in a position in which the conductor Z is interchanged with the conductor Z As already explained in connection with the set of contacts 1w, the conductor Z passes across the closed contact 1, while the conductor Z by the connection of the closed contact 3 takes the place of the conductor Z.

The sets of contacts of this arrangement CW are controlled by cams, for instance N10 for the set of contacts 110 and Nw for the set of contacts 6w, which are designed in a similar manner to the cams of the arrangement CT described above.

They are operated by the same driving shaft AW, different angles of rotation for the cams being again obtained for the'various transmission ratios. With the resetting of the contact arrangement CT there is thus also simultaneously reset the control arrangement CW in dependence on the start-stop coupling Across the contacts of this arrangement CVVare passed on the connecting conductors Z to Z to the contacts 810 to sk -of the transmitting cam shaft SW, which, as already described, is rotated every time a combination of signals is dispatched. These contacts 870 to 8]0 are operated in succession by the cams F to F which corresponds with the mechanical keying in the above described telegraph apparatus. The .transmit- .is released in known manner, in consequence tion of the magnet AMF ofthe start-stop ment there exists always the same position coupling AFK, Under the control of the contacts to @72 of the receiving cam shaft, the impulses are first passed across the contacts alw of the de interchanging device DCVV and then in correspondence with their original sequence passed on to the arrangement DCT in which the-changes of the impulse values of the individual ele 'ments of-the signals are neutralized again.

The contacts otthe arrangement DCW are controlled by the cams 1 NW (Nw to Nw the contacts of the arrangement DCT by the cams N (N N and so on) in correspondence with the control by the respective cams at the transmitting end. These cams are intermittently advanced by means of a common driving shaft AlV, as at the transmitting end, diiferent speeds for the cams being attained again by dill'erent trans-. mission ratios'ot the driving wheels.

A resetting also takes place after receipt of a combination of slgns or signals. The cams which correspond in the transmitting and receiving apparatus are, as regards their cam faces and their stepping speed, exactly 1dentical so that after-prior coinciding adjustof the contact in the individual contact arrangements. In this way the double coding caused in the transmitting apliaratus is neutralized againin the receiving apparatus. It is to be particularly noted that the individual connecting conductors Z to Z (Fig. 2) corresponding with the individual impulse elements must traverse the sets of contacts of the arrangement DCWV in the reverse order or mirror reading, as compared with the sequence in the transmitter. Across the contacts of the arrangements DCVV and DCT are now charged the condensers C to C provided for the impulse elements in the sense of the non-coded impulse combinations. This arrangement acting as impulse registcr or storing device, so to say, is tapped element by clement immediately after receipt of the live impulse units across the contacts e13 to (17 which are shortly before or at the completion of a combination of signals closed simultaneously by the cams F to F The polarized relays ll to R are thereby set in corrcspiindcnce with the non-coded impulse combination, so that their contacts 1, to 1' represent the impulse combination set for the first time by the keyboard. Simultaneously a further tapping cam shaft G is started after completion oi the revolution of the receiving cam shai't F. by the magnet ALIG, of the start-stop coupling AKG, being again excited across the contact 070 By coupling the shaft G with the same motor shaft MlV for one revolution the contacts glc to 971: controlled by the-cams G to G are closed in succession whereby the shortly before adjusted contacts 03-73. of the polarized relays are electrically tapped. Thus the noncoded combination of impulses of the signal to be transmitted passes to the receiving magnet EM of the associated receiving and printing apparatus. Of this reccivingsystemv of the telegraph apparatus thereis in F i 2 merely illustrated the receiving magnet EM; further details about the translation ofthe combination of signs and about the printing means necessary that all the five impulse elements of a combination be made use of for the coding, if it is desired to avoid a shortening of the transmitting and receiving time fora signal or sign,

The transmission of a sign consisting of a five impulse combination by the. arrangements illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 will now be briefly described: assuming the position of the arrangements CT. and DOT and the arrangements CW and DCW corresponds in the transmitter and the receiver with the normal position or a corresponding position taken arbitrarily from the continuous code, which causes a change of the first element of the sign and an interchange of the first with the fifth element. The contacts 1 (lcZt) of the arrangement CT (DCT) and the contacts 6w (Grim) of the interchange arrangement ClV (DCWV) in the transmitter and receiver are thus reversed while all other contacts are in the assumed norn 11 position. If now on depressing the key lever Te (Fig. 1), which,

for instance, sets the impulse series characterizing the letter 1' by means of the selector bars 1 to 5 and their contacts Z:, to it this combination is changed by the coding arrangement CT in so far as the impulse value of the first sign element is reversed so that a sign combination =lVr is produced which corresponds with the return motion of the carriage for page printers. This con'ibination will furthermore in the interclningc arrangement ClV be subjected to such a change that by the reversed contact (no the first impulse element in the sequence is interchanged with tho fifth element, whcrcfrom now follows the combination-l- =m. This combination is now at last passed on to the tapping contact 871:, to M2,, so that the transmitting relay SR transmits the code sign m on to the line.

closed contact 970 impulses of the original combination are supplied during the rotation of this shaft G under the control of the cams Gr to G operating the contacts glc to 97:5 by tapping the contacts 1' to 1' The receiving magnet EM will thus print the letter 6.

Simultaneously with the coupling of the tapping shaft G a circuit for the coupling magnet FDM was completed across the contact @70 so that by the response of the coupling FDK the cams N N and so on, New, N w and so on driven in unison are reset in the well known manner.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination an arrangement for setting electric current combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding arrangement adapted to change its setting during th transmission of the sign in order to code the set electric current combin ations by direct means, without the interposition of relays, before the dispatch of the sign combinations commences, said coding arrangement including a plurality of contact elements corresponding to the impulse elements of the sign combinations, separate control means for the individual contact elements, a common drive for said control means, and in cooperation withsaid transmitting arrangement an arrangement at the receiving end containing a contact device adapted to pass on the coded arriving impulses, an arrangement corresponding with the coding mechanism at the transmitting end for decoding the current combinations received, and a mechanism in a telegraph apparatus for the reception and translation of the decoded current combinations.

2. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination a keyboard for setting electric impulse combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding mechanism adapted to change its setting during the transmission of the telegraph signs with means for interchanging the se quence of the successive dispatch of the impulses of the sign combinations set, an arrangement of contacts adapted to effect the dispatch of the impulse combination coded by the interchange of the impulse elements, and in cooperation with said transmitting arrangement an arrangement at the receiving end containing a contact device adapted to pass on the code-d arriving impulses,- an arrangement corresponding with the coding mechanism at the transmitting end for decoding the impulse combinations received, and a mechanism in a telegraph apparatus for the reception of the decoded impulse combinations.

3. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination a keyboard for setting electric impulse combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding mechanism adapted to change its setting during the transmission of the telegraph signs with means for changing the character as Well as interchanging the sequence of the dispatch of the impulses of the sign combinations, an arrangement of contacts adapted to effect the dispatch of the coded sign impulse combinations, in cooperation with said transmitting arrangement an arrangement at the-receiving end containing a contact device adapted to pass on the coded arriving impulses, an arrangement corresponding with the coding mechanism at the transmitting end for decoding the impulse combinations received, and a mechanism in a telegraph apparatus for the reception of the decoded impulse combinations.

4. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination selector bars adapted to be relatively shifted and dispatch the impulse combinations coded by the change of the character of the individual impulses.

5. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination a contact arrangement adapted to set the sign impulse combinations consisting of a number of contacts corresponding with the impulse elements of the sign combinations,

which is connected to a further contact arrangement having a number of contacts and servin for the dispatch of the impulse combinations, by means adapted to interchange the connecting conductors of the indvidual contacts of the two contact arrangements with each other for the purpose of coding the combinations to be dispatched.

6. In a telegraph system a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination an arrangement for setting electric current combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding arrangement adapted to change its setting during the transmission of the signs, which consists of mechanically adjustable contact controlling means which code the set impulse combinations prior to their dispatch by changing the polarity of the individual impulses and by interchanging the sequence ofthe dispatch of the individual impulses, a

In this example only the first and the fifth impulse elements have been changed by the coding while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th impulse elements have not been affected by the coding. For facilitating the understanding the circuit of the first impulse element of the original combination will now be traced: battery BA, upper contact 1 closed upper contact 10 connecting conductor l contact 4 of the set of contacts 1w, further closed contacts of the sets of contacts not shown of the arrangement OW, closed left-hand contact 1 of the contact set 6w, further contacts of OW, single transmitting contact 876 relay SR, battery midpoint MB. The circuit for the fifth impulse element will in corresponding manner pass across the single transmitting contact sls, if the further circuits of the remaining impulse elements are tapped by tie transmitting contacts corre ponding with t em.

The transmitting process briefly 'takes place as follows: by depressing the key Te the selector bars 1 to 5 are shifted and in addition thereto the bar 6 is moved towards the right whereby the contactak is closed. A circuit is thus completed across the negative pole, contact ale, relay AR, positive pole, in which the starting relay AB is energized and reverses its contacts can and an. Across contact ar is then connected the coupling magnet AM, which disengages the lockin lever AKH. The pin S detained by the paw lever KH is then released whereby the coupling discs are coupled with each other. The motor shaft MW drives the cam shaft SW. Simultaneously with the reversing of the amcontact the polarized transmitting relay S'R was energized across the negative pole and battery midpoint, so that the starting impulse is sent into the line. The starting impulse is limited by the contact slc which is opened shortly after the start of the transmitting shaft SW.

The cam faces of the contact discs F to F will now when the transmitting shaft rotates in succession close the contacts 870 to 870 in order to tap thus the combination indicated.

above by way of example across the firmly adjusted contacts of the coding arrangements OW, OT and the selector bar arrangement T. Shortly before completion of the revolution of the transmitting shaft SW the cam F 'will close the contact 870 in order to establish thereby a circuit for the stepping magnet of the coding devices. FM releases in the manner described before the start-stop coupling FK so that the driving shaft A and thus also thcshaft AW are set in rotation. In this way the cams N N and soon, and also the cam N'w Nw and so on are advanced in correspondence with the pitch of their cam faces and teeth, so that immediately after completion of this sign the contacts of the coding apparatus are set anew.

The impulse combination transmitted by the contact'ar in the transmitter is at the receiving end taken up by the receiving relay OER of the decoding device (Fig. 2). With the arrival of the unvarying start impulse the coupling magnet AMF is ener ized by the reversal of the contact, so that t e startstop coupling .AFK couples the receiving shaft F with the continuously rotating motor shaft MW in the manner described before. Shortly after the start of this shaft the contact els is opened by the advance of the cam F so that the circuit for the coupling magnet AMF is opened and the contact cerbecomes disengaged for the now following impulses. As mentioned before the contacts of the coding arrangement DOW and DOT have accurately the same position as the contacts of the coding arrangement in 'the transmitter and remain stationary during the reception of an impulse combina-' tion.

The incoming impulses of the impulse combination are in succession distributed by the cams ela to 070,, over the individual connecting conductors Z, to 1,, which now lead the impulse values across the contacts of the coding arrangement DOW and across the contacts of the coding arrangement DOT, whereby the condensers O to O are correspondingly charged. The impulse coming in first will thus pass across the contact 670 conductor Z across the contacts of the arrangement DOW not shown, the closed contact 1 of the set of contacts Gd'w, whereby it travels to the place of the fifth impulse and now passes on across the contacts dw not shown, the closed contact 2 of the set of contacts' Ida; and across the upper contact 5dt of the coding arrangement DOTto the lower plate of the condenser C The upper plate of this condenser is across the lower closed contact of 5dt connected with the mid point MB of the battery so that in this circuit the condenser O is charged in the sense of the original sign element. In the same way the further condensers are charged by the subsequent impulses. .It will be observed that the impulse coming in first charges the condenser O of the fifth impulse element, and that by the further impulses the condensers O O and O and by the fifth impulse the condenser O of the originally first impulse element is charged. Shortly before the completion of the revolution of the receiving cam shaft F the contacts e1 0 to ek are closed by the cam F to F which occupy the same position, so that the charges of the condensers O to O balance across the polarized relay R 'to R whereby these relays are set according. to the charge of the 'condensers.

The relays set their contacts 0' to 7' correspondingly so that these contacts represent contact arrangement adapted to efiect the dispatch of the coded currentcombinations andin cooperation with the transmitting arrangement apparatus at the receiving end containing an arrangement which as regards setting and mode of operation corresponds with the coding arrangement of the transmitting end and embodies meansfor decoding the impulse combinations coded by changesinthepolarity of the impulses andby the interchange of the sequence of the dispatch of the impulses, and.

. a mechanism for the reception, for decoding ed with one another at equal and translating of the combination of signs.

7 -In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination an arrangement for setting electric current combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding mechanism adapted to change its setting during the transmission of signs, which consists of a plurality of cams connectspeeds and adjustable by mechanical and electromagnetic driving or coupling means,

. by which cams are controlled the contacts tion of signs and to interchange thesequence,

which are adapted to change the character of the impulsesof a set sign combination, an arrangement of contacts for dispatching the coded combinations,and in cooperation with the transmitting arrangement an arrangement at the receiving end which contains apparatuscorresponding with the coding arrangement at the transmittingend and contains means for decoding the impulse combinations coded by changing the character. of the impulses, and an arrangement for the reception of the decoded sign combinations.

8. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination an arrangement for setting electric current combinations of the signs to be transmitted, a coding mechanism adapted to change its setting during the transmission of signs, which consists of a plurality of cams connected with one another at equal and at different speeds and adjustable by mechanical and electromagnetic driving or coupling means, which cams are provided with different projections orrecesses and by which contacts are controlled adapted to change the character of the impulses of a set combinaa contact arrangement for dispatching the coded combinations and in cooperation with the transmitting mechanism an arrangement at the receivingend which contains apparatus corresponding with the coding arrangement at the :transmitting end and contains,

' means for decoding the impulse combinations coded by changing the character of the impulses, and an arrangement for the reception of the decoded sign combinations.

9. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination rrangement for setting electric current an co binations of the signs to be transmitted,

and at different I a coding arrangement adapted to change its setting during the transmission of signs, two shift contacts each assigned to the first impulses of the sign impulse combinations adapted to be controlled by cams, means for resetting the coding arrangement during the duration of the last impulse for the next sign combination, a contact arrangement consisting of contacts adapted to be in succession operated by cams for tapping and dispatching the coded impulse combinations, and in cooperation with the transmitting arrangement an apparatus at the receiving end containing a contact arrangement adapted to transmit the coded impulses coming in, a mechanism for decoding the current combinations sent and corresponding with" the coding mechanism at the transmitting end, and apparatus for receiving the decoded current combinations.

arrangement containing mechanism for setting contacts which are adjusted the sense of the sign impulse combinations to be dispatched, conductors through which said contacts are connected to 'a coding device,.by

Y which the set contacts are changed in their character, connecting conductors across WhlCh the contacts set in correspondence with the sign combinations are connected with the transmitting contacts operated in succession, means consisting ofsets of contact springs controlled by cams by which said connecting conductors may be interchanged at will as regards the beginning and end, in order to interchange the sequence of the dispatch of the set impulses of the sign combination for the purpose of further coding, in cooperation with the transmitting arrangement an arrangement at the receiving end which contains a contact arrangement with means for successively transmitting the impulses arriving in succession, means for placing the impulses interchanged in their sequence again into the non-coded sequence, means for decoding the impulses changed in their character, and means for transmitting the impulses in the decoded combination to the-receivmg mechanism of the telegraph apparatus.

11. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement containing in combination an arrangement for setting electric combinations of the signs to be dispatched, an arrangement adapted to change its setting during the transmission ofthe signs to code the set electric current combinations, a contact arrangement adapted to effect the dispatch of the coded current combinations, and in cooperation with the transmitting arrangement an contacts adapted to be controlledby a card arrangement at the receiving end containing shaft, an electric register to whichare su'p- -plied decoded the coded impulse combinations, an arrangement consisting of such a I number of sets ofcontact springs each comas regards heginningand end, 'means'for controlling said spring sets; for the t correct de-I I ooding,'means consisting of two double: con- I a facts I each for setting the register as regards I I the character of the non-coded combinations,-

' means for the sin-mltaneous tapping of the I reception of the correct sign independent of '12.." In a telegraph system, a itransm arrangement containing I in combination an I I arrangement; for setting electric combinations 7 I I I I l of the signs to be dispatched, an arrangement 3 5 I 3 i I 5 I I I register, relays which during the tapping of the register are: set in: the sense of the non-- coded impulse combinations and ensure the the setting of their contacts. I I I adapted to change its :setting during the transmission of the-signs tocode'the set elec; i I

, trio: current"combinations, a contact arrange' I ment adapted to effect the dispatch I of the I I coded current combinations, and in coopera tion with the transmitting arrangement an I arrangement at the: receiving end containing a. contact arrangement fort-he retransmission I of theincoming coded impnlsecombinations 1 1 v v to a decoding mechanism corresponding with I the coding mechanism at the'transmitting end consisting of twoarrangements adapted to he controlled by cams, of whichone uncodcsthe I I scquence of the impulses, the other the polarity of the impulses of the sign comb nations, I I aregister-consisting of condensers; adapted to i I beset inthesense of the. decoded sign combinationsacross thedecodingmechanism, a

number of polarized relays corresponding itting I I during the: transmission :of I the telegraph signs with means for interchangingthesequence of thesuccessivedispatchottho1n1-I pulses of thesigncomhinat-ion set said cod- I ing mechanism including :a: plurality of contact elements corresponding to the impulse I 1 I I I elements'of the sign combinations,separatc i I control means'for the individual contact ole adapted to pass on the coded arriving int paratus forthe reception ofthe deco pulsecombinations; .I I. 1' o In testimony whereof we;

tures. I. I

' fiuAUGUST: JIPR I. ',,I

EHRHARD ROS'SBERG.Z i

with the impulse elements of the sign combination and which during the tapping of the register are set in the sense of the decoded sign combination, a contact arrangement.

adapted to tap the contact of the polarized relays in succession and to transmit the sign combinations to the receiving magnet of the telegraph apparatus, means for operating the contact arrangements during every transmission of a combination of signs, means for re- 7 setting the decoding mechanism during the transmission of the signs, means for advancing the cams difl'ering from one another through which the sets of springs of the dccoding mechanism are controlled by difierent amounts in correspondence with the trans mitting end, and means for operating simultaneously the contacts of the contact arrangement by which the register is tapped.

13. In a telegraph system, a transmitting arrangement which contains in combination a keyboard for setting electric impulse combi nations of the signs to be transmitted, at coding mechanism adapted to change its setting aflix: our signa- I-EBERHARD HETTLER.

ments, a common drive'for ;said-c(mtrolp means, and: in: cooperation with said trans, mitting arrangement an arrangement :at the I 1 receiving end containingacontact 'devicc"" pulses, an arrangement; corresponding with 'the rcoding-mechanism at the transmittingend-for decoding the impulse'combinations i i received, and a mechanism 'in a telegraph' ap I I I dcd im- IZU 

